Which term refers to the surgical removal of a kidney?

The term that refers to the surgical removal of a kidney is nephrectomy. This procedure involves the excision of the kidney and is typically performed in cases where the kidney is severely damaged, diseased, or may pose a risk of cancer. By removing the affected kidney, the procedure can help prevent further complications and improve the patient's overall health.

Nephrotomy refers to an incision into the kidney, often to access the renal pelvis or to remove stones, not the removal of the whole kidney. Nephroplasty is a surgical procedure aimed at reconstructing or repairing a kidney, often after an injury or for congenital issues, rather than removing it. Ureterectomy involves the removal of the ureter, which is the tube that carries urine from the kidney to the bladder, rather than the kidney itself. Understanding these distinctions helps in grasping the correct terminology and concepts related to kidney surgeries.