Which cells are involved in the body's adaptive immune response?

The adaptive immune response is primarily orchestrated by lymphocytes, which are a type of white blood cell specifically tailored to recognize and respond to specific antigens. There are two main types of lymphocytes involved in this response: T cells and B cells. T cells are responsible for cell-mediated immunity, which includes the activation of other immune cells, while B cells are primarily responsible for humoral immunity, producing antibodies that target specific pathogens.

In contrast, the other cell types listed play different roles in the immune system. Neutrophils are the predominant cells in the innate immune response, primarily involved in the rapid response to infection and in the phagocytosis of pathogens. Basophils are involved in inflammatory responses and allergic reactions, while eosinophils play key roles in combating parasitic infections and also contribute to allergic reactions. However, none of these cell types are specifically responsible for the adaptive immune mechanisms that require the ability to "remember" and mount a stronger attack upon re-exposure to the same pathogen, which is a hallmark of lymphocyte activity.