What term describes paralysis that affects one side of the body?

The term that describes paralysis affecting one side of the body is hemiplegia. Hemiplegia derives from Greek roots meaning "half" and "paralysis," specifically indicating that one side (either the left or the right) is paralyzed. This condition is often a result of neurological damage, commonly from a stroke or brain injury.

In contrast, hemiparesis refers to weakness on one side of the body rather than complete paralysis. While both conditions affect one side, hemiplegia is marked by a total inability to move, while hemiparesis allows for some degree of function.

Monoplegia indicates paralysis of a single limb, and quadriplegia refers to paralysis affecting all four limbs due to spinal cord injury or other conditions. Understanding these distinctions is crucial when assessing patients with neurological issues.