What term describes low calcium levels in the blood?

The correct term for low calcium levels in the blood is hypocalcemia. This condition occurs when the serum calcium level drops below the normal range, which typically leads to various physiological issues since calcium plays a crucial role in numerous bodily functions, including muscle contraction, blood clotting, and hormone secretion.

When someone has hypocalcemia, they might experience symptoms such as muscle cramps, tingling sensations, or even more severe complications like cardiac issues. Understanding this term is important in pathophysiology as it emphasizes the significant impact that electrolyte balance has on overall health.

In contrast, other terms mentioned in the question refer to different electrolyte imbalances: hypernatremia relates to elevated sodium levels, hyperglycemia is associated with high blood glucose levels, and hypokalemia refers to low potassium levels in the blood. Each of these conditions reflects distinct clinical issues and implications, highlighting the importance of precise terminology in medical contexts.