What is the term for an absence of spermatozoa in the semen?

The correct term for the absence of spermatozoa in the semen is azoospermia. Azoospermia is characterized by a complete lack of sperm in the ejaculate, which can lead to infertility in males. This condition can arise from various causes, such as hormonal imbalances, blockages in the reproductive tract, or testicular dysfunction.

In contrast, conditions like oligospermia refer to a low sperm count rather than the complete absence. Asthenospermia pertains to reduced sperm motility, meaning that while sperm may be present, they are not capable of swimming effectively. Cryptozoospermia implies that there are very few sperm present, often undetectable without specialized laboratory techniques, rather than a complete absence. Understanding these distinctions is crucial for diagnosing and treating male infertility issues.